In MPEG Layer III coding the compression gain is mainly achieved through the unequal distribution of energy in the different frequency bands, the use of the psychoacoustic model, and Huffman coding.
Rate-distortion optimisation (RDO) lies at the heart of modern hybrid video coding standards such as H.264/AVC, HEVC and VVC. By employing a Lagrangian cost function, RDO seeks the optimal balance ...